How To Dry Brine and Roast A Turkey
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The secret to a juicy, well-seasoned and beautifully bronzed bird? A dry brine! It’s so simple. Find step-by-step instructions below for dry brining and roasting your holiday turkey!
Let’s get straight to it!
This simple method for dry brining calls for salt alone — 1 teaspoon of kosher salt per pound — as opposed to salt and sugar or salt, sugar, and additional spices. And the roasted method is similarly simple: brush the bird with melted butter, season lightly with salt and pepper; then roast until done.
This method consistently produces a juicy and delicious turkey with a crisp, burnished skin!
What You Need for Brining the Turkey:
- kosher salt (I prefer Diamond Crystal brand)
- A giant plastic turkey bag or a parchment bag (though I prefer the plastic bag for the protection it offers).
In short you’ll: Set your turkey in the bag and sprinkle it evenly with the salt. For the small 12-pound turkeys I’ve been buying this is about 1/4 cup. Close the bag, then transfer it to the fridge for 48 hours.
What You Need for Roasting the Turkey:
- roasting pan with a rack
- brush
- butter, salt, and pepper
- white wine
- instant-read thermometer: This one is reasonably priced and very accurate: Javelin Ultra Fast Digital Thermometer
In short: On Thanksgiving morning, pat the turkey dry, set it on a rack in a roasting pan, brush it with butter, season all over with salt (lightly), and pepper; then transfer the pan to the oven. You start the cooking at a higher temperature, then lower after 30 minutes. Consistently, my 12 lb. birds are done in under 2 hours.
Find the process outlined in more details below 🦃🦃🦃🦃🦃
How to Brine a Turkey, Step by Step
For the past three years for Thanksgiving, I’ve bought organic turkeys in the 12-14 lb range from Whole Foods, and they’ve been so, so tasty. They are frozen, and I’d recommend removing it from the freezer and transferring it to the fridge 1 week before Thanksgiving. This will give it ample time to thaw before you plan on brining it.
Open the bag and remove the giblets:
Place the liver in a bag and cook or freeze. Save the other giblets for making turkey stock or freeze.
Place the turkey in a large bag: I actually prefer the large plastic turkey bags for this, but a parchment bag works fine, too:
Calculate how much salt you’ll need per pound: for a 12-lb bird, that’s roughly 1/4 cup. Sprinkle the salt over the bird: on all sides inside and out:
Wrap it up; then transfer it to the fridge for 48 hours:
On Thanksgiving morning or whatever morning you plan on roasting, remove the bird from the fridge a few hours before you plan on roasting.
Transfer the turkey to a rack in a large roasting pan and pat dry. Let sit at room temperature until you plan on roasting:
Melt some butter…
Then brush the butter all over the turkey:
Season with salt and pepper:
Transfer to the oven @450ºF for 30 minutes; then add 1 cup of water and 1 cup of white wine.
Lower the temperature to 350ºF and continue roasting until the turkey is done. (See the recipe box for help calculating how much time you’ll need.) My 12-lb birds consistently cook in less than 1 hour. Often it’s more like 1 hour 40 minutes.
An instant-read thermometer should register 160ºF:
Let the turkey rest for at least 30 minutes, but ideally more like an hour before carving and serving:
Such juicy meat!
PrintHow to Dry-Brine and Roast a Turkey
- Total Time: 51 to 52 hours
- Yield: Serve 12
Description
For this recipe, you’ll need:
- a turkey bag (for brining)
- brush
- a roasting pan with a rack — this is very similar to the one I have, which is 18×14 inches.
- a thermometer — can’t recommend investing in a good instant-read thermometer enough
Notes:
- Timing: If you are using a frozen turkey, remove it from the freezer one week before Thanksgiving. This will give it ample time to thaw before brining it on Tuesday. As noted in the post, I’ve had great success with the frozen organic turkeys from Whole Foods. Delicious! And I prefer buying small birds: 12-14 pounds.
Ingredients
For the brine:
- kosher salt, I prefer Diamond Crystal
- turkey bag
- 12 –14 lb. turkey
For roasting:
- Roasting pan with a rack
- salt and pepper
- 1 stick (8 tablespoons) butter
- 1 cup white wine, plus more as needed
For finishing:
Instructions
- Calculate how much salt you need: for a 12-lb. bird you’ll need about a quarter cup of salt. Place the turkey into the large plastic bag. Sprinkle the salt evenly all over the bird, rubbing it into the skin and sprinkling it into the cavity as well. Tie the bag, and transfer to the fridge for 24-48 hours.
- When you are ready to roast, remove the turkey from the bag and set it on a rack in a roasting pan. Pat dry. Let sit at room temperature for 1 to 2 hours before roasting.
- Heat the oven to 450ºF. Calculate how many hours your bird should roast: a good rule of thumb is 12 minutes per pound, so for a 12-lb. bird that’s about 2 hours and 25 minutes.
- Melt the butter and brush it evenly over the bird. Season lightly with salt and pepper to taste.
- Transfer pan to the oven and roast for 30 minutes. Open the oven, pour the 1 cup of wine along with 1 cup of water into the roasting pan, and close the oven. Lower the oven temperature to 350ºF.
- Continue roasting until the bird is done. In my experience, dry-brined birds cook more quickly, so I would start checking as soon as an hour and a half later, especially if your bird is 12 lbs. It may need another 30 minutes or even longer, but best to check early. An instant-read thermometer (or other) should register 160ºF.
- Transfer turkey to a board to rest. If there is liquid in the bottom of the turkey pan, pour it into a quart container or 4-cup liquid measure. Allow the fat to rise to the surface. If there is no liquid, pour some white wine into the pan and use a wooden pan to scrape up the drippings. Transfer them to a bowl.
- To finish: bring the make-ahead gravy to a very gentle simmer. Skim the fat off the turkey drippings and reserve for another use or discard. If you wish, fortify the make-ahead gravy with the fresh drippings to taste: Simply add as much of the drippings as you wish to the make-ahead gravy to taste.
- Once the turkey has rested for 30 to 60 minutes, carve it. Serve gravy alongside the turkey.
- Prep Time: 48 hours
- Cook Time: 3 to 4 hours
- Category: Dinner
- Method: Oven
- Cuisine: American
Bye for now! Good luck! Gobble Gobble!
This post may contain affiliate links. Please read my disclosure policy.
22 Comments on “How To Dry Brine and Roast A Turkey”
Thank you for sharing this Thanksgiving post. I always enjoy your recipes. Your tortilla quiche and baked steel cut oats frequent our table.
Wonderful to hear this, Maribeth! Thanks so much for writing.
Thank you for being a fellow planner and cranking all these lovely resources and ideas out so nice and early. I do have a big question.
Ok, I’m not finding explicit instructions for whether this turkey is already thawed or not? Partially thawed? If this goes into a bag with salt Tuesday morning, I’m assuming that’s not straight from the freezer? So how long has it already been defrosting in the fridge by Tuesday morning (assuming you roast it on Thursday for thanksgiving). Many thanks!!!
Hi Ashley! Definitely thaw it! I will add notes to the recipe soon. I would take the turkey out of the freezer a week before Thanksgiving. That will give it plenty of time to thaw before you brine it.
I have absolutely no idea what this Thanksgiving will bring yet. It’s too early and there are too many variables at play yet to make any concrete plans, but if I’m in a position to host Thanksgiving (which I haven’t ever done) for my immediate family of 5, like I was on Easter of this year (without a good plan!), I will make this entire menu. Top to bottom. And I will follow your schedule word-for-word. Thank you for this, and for giving me peace of mind in October that in November we will have a fantastic meal no matter what. Thank you!!!
Oh Allison, I know … it’s so hard to know what the holidays are going to look like this year. I’m glad this post and menu have given you some peace of mind. Thanks for writing! Wishing you well as we head into this holiday season 🙂 🙂 🙂
Hi Ali! I found a 10 pound turkey breast at the grocery store on sale so I bought that. Would I follow the same instructions as a full size turkey? Obviously it would take less time to cook. I also don’t have a roasting pan and rack (feels like overkill for just the breast). Can I follow this recipe and use a cast iron pan instead? Loved your cooking class last night!
So nice to hear this, Sonia! Thanks so much for coming 🙂 🙂 🙂
Regarding your question, I think so! No rack is fine. I think dry brining is great for breast meat. And I think you would need less than a cup of wine and water… 1/2 cup of each would be fine. And yes, cook it for less time.
Smart to buy a 10-pounder this year!
Wondering if you wipe the salt off after dry brining the turkey for 2 days? I also usually rub butter under skin and on top of skin. Can I do this after brining and if so still use 450 oven temp ?
Hi Mia! I do not wipe off the salt, but I do pat the turkey dry. You can definitely put butter under the skin and on top of the skin, and yes, you can keep the oven at 450ºF. It’s only at this high temperature for the first 30 minutes. You may want to take a peek after 15 minutes just to ensure it isn’t browning too quickly.
Hi Ali!
This year we bought our turkey at TJs and it is pre-brined. How do I adapt this kind of bird to your recipe? I assume I do not dry brine it. Should I expect the cooking time increase?
Thank you so much for all your amazing recipes! I have used your website for10+ years and nearly all our family favorites come from here!
Oh my goodness, Emilia, it’s so nice to read all of this 💕💕💕💕 Thank you so much. I would not brine it. And I think the cooking time should be roughly the same amount — a brined bird definitely cooks faster, so I would keep an eye on it.
Wishing you a Happy Thanksgiving!
You have inspired me to buy the frozen Whole Foods turkey. I have never worked with a frozen turkey before. When should I take it out of the freezer to let it thaw in the frig? Many thanks! Susan
They’re so good! I’ve bought one three years in a row — I love the 12-14lb size. This year I bought two. Take it out at least a week early, because you’re going to want to brine it 2 to 3 days before Thanksgiving. I’m hoping to do a more detailed post on this soon.
Thank you! One more question that trips me up on Thanksgiving day: what time to cook the turkey and if early, what to do with it once cooked if you eat at 5:30? You are most kind to help make cooking and hosting a success.
Hi Susan! It really all depends on how big the bird is. I have been buying these 12- to 14-lb birds these past few years and they consistently cook in about 2 hours. You want to leave at least 30 minutes for the bird to rest out of the oven, so you have to do some backward calculations. For that size turkey, I’d suggest putting it in the oven at 2:30-ish to give you a cushion.
I made your make-ahead turkey stock yesterday and froze it to use in our Thanksgiving gravy. I do this every year but have never brined the turkey. It seems like if I add the yummy drippings, it will make the gravy way too salty. Thanks for any advice!
Hooray! I’m so happy to hear this. The drippings potentially could make the gravy too salty, so you could do a few things: you could go easy on your gravy seasoning when you make it and then you can go heavier with the drippings; or you could go light with the dripping additions if you season your gravy thoroughly. The drippings do add lovely flavor, and a little goes a long way 🙂
Hi Ali,
Thanks so much for adding this turkey recipe. I always find roasting a turkey intimidating! For a 17 lb. bird, would you still brine it for 48 hours? Or longer? My family and I love your recipes. We just tried Canal House Chicken and Rice for the first time tonight, and it was so good! We had a lot of your dishes last Thanksgiving, and we’re having them again this year. Thanks again,
So nice to hear, Mary! I think you could go for as long as 72 hours for a turkey that size. 48-72 hours will be great.
Holy cow! Amazing! 11 lbs bird, 1 week thaw in fridge, dry brine 2.5 days in fridge, removed from bag patted down, brushed on Achiote Seasoned oil and sprinkled and rubbed in a mixture of spicy spices and back to the fridge uncovered on a rack, breast up for another 2.5 days. Out of fridge 3 hours before bake, 30 minutes at 450F oven rack positioned lower level. Add water and wine and reduce temp to 350F and roasted for one (1) hour more. Final temp 166 at breast, 159 at thigh says maybe I should have checked sooner but I’ll find out after a 60 minute rest and carve.
Frank! Amazing to read all of this. Thanks so much for writing and sharing all of these notes. I’m so happy I have the visual from IG, too — it looked truly outstanding. Happy Thanksgiving!!